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plunge for distance
The plunge for distance is a diving event that enjoyed its greatest popularity in the 19th and early part of the 20th century, even being included as an official event in the 1904 Summer Olympics.〔Kehm, Greg. (Olympic Swimming and Diving ), p. 14 (2007)〕 By the 1920s, it began to lose its popularity and slowly disappeared from U.S. and English swim competitions.
==Description==
According to the 1920 ''Official Swimming Guide'' of the American Swimming Association, the plunge for distance "is a dive from a stationary take-off which is free from spring from a height of 18 inches above the water. Upon reaching the water the plunger glides face downward for a period of 60 seconds without imparting any propulsion to the body from the arms and legs." To determine the total distance traveled, the measurement was taken from the farthest part of the body from the start, "opposite a point at right angles to the base line."〔(Official Swimming Guide 1919-20 ), p. 85-86 (1920)〕 Generally, being heavy was an advantage in the sport.〔Handley, Louis de B. (Swimming and watermanship ), p. 98 (1918)〕 The 60-second limitation appears to have been instituted at the English Plunging Championship around 1893.〔(Spalding's official athletic almanac for 1910 ), p. 173〕
In later years, the event was subject to criticism as "not an athletic event at all," but instead a competition favoring "mere mountains of fat who fall in the water more or less successfully and depend upon inertia to get their points for them."〔Barnes, Gerald. (Swimming and Diving ), p.44-47 (1922)〕 John Kiernan, sports writer for the ''New York Times'', once described the event as the "slowest thing in the way of athletic competition", and that "the stylish-stout chaps who go in for this strenuous event merely throw themselves heavily into the water and float along like icebergs in the ship lanes."〔Kieran, John (16 March 1930). (Sports of the Times ), ''The New York Times''〕 Similarly, an 1893 English report on the sport noted that spectators were not enamored of it, as the diver "moves after thirty or forty feet at a pace somewhat akin to a snail, and to the uninitiated the contests appear absolute wastes of time."〔Henry, William and Sinclair, Archibland. (Swimming ), p.110-19, 411 (1893)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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